Izinhlobo Zethuluzi Lokuhlola I-Gyro Emithonjeni Yamafutha Negesi

I-Gyro evamile

I-gyro evamile noma i-gyro yamahhala ibilokhu ikhona kusukela ngawo-1930s. Ithola i-azimuth yomthombo kusuka ku-gyro ejikelezayo. Inquma kuphela isiqondiso somthombo futhi ayinqumi ukuthambekela. I-engeli yokuthambekela ngokuvamile itholakala ngama-accelerometers. I-gyro esekelwe kufilimu, i-single-shot isebenzisa i-pendulum elenga ngaphezu kwekhadi lekhampasi (enamathiselwe ku-axis ye-gimbal yangaphandle) ukuze uthole ukuthambekela. I-gyro evamile inesisindo sokuphotha ngokuvamile siphenduka ku-20,000 kuya ku-40,000 rpm (ezinye ziphenduka ngokushesha nakakhulu). I-gyro izohlala igxilile uma kungekho amandla angaphandle asebenza kuyo futhi isisindo sisekelwa esikhungweni sayo esiqondile sokudonsela phansi. Ngeshwa, akwenzeki ukugcina inqwaba isendaweni yayo eqondile yokudonsela phansi, futhi amandla angaphandle asebenza ku-gyro. Ngakho-ke, i-gyro izokhukhuleka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngokwethiyori, uma i-gyro iqala ukuphenduka futhi ikhombe indlela ethile, akufanele ishintshe kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, iqhutshwa emgodini, futhi nakuba icala liphenduka, i-gyro ikhululekile ukunyakaza, futhi ihlala ikhomba ohlangothini olufanayo. Njengoba isiqondiso lapho i-gyro ikhomba khona saziwa, isiqondiso somthombo singanqunywa umehluko phakathi kokuma kwe-gyro kanye nokuma kwekesi eliqukethe i-gyro. Ukuma kwe-spin axis kumele kwaziwe ngaphambi kokuthi i-gyro iqhutshwe emgodini. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ireferensi ye-gyro. Uma i-gyro ingabhekiselwanga kahle, inhlolovo yonke ivaliwe, ngakho-ke ithuluzi kufanele liqondiswe ngokufanelekile ngaphambi kokuthi lifakwe emgodini wemithombo kawoyela negesi.

Ukubi

Okunye okungalungile kwe-gyro evamile ukuthi izokhukhuleka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ibangele amaphutha ku-azimuth elinganisiwe. I-gyro izokhukhuleka ngenxa yokushaqeka kwesistimu, ukuguga, nokuzungeza komhlaba. I-gyro nayo ingakhukhuleka ngenxa yokungapheleli ku-gyro. Amaphutha angakhula ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza noma ukwenziwa kwe-gyro, njengoba isikhungo esiqondile sesisindo singekho phakathi nendawo ye-spin axis. I-Drift incane endaweniInkabazwe yomhlaba futhi phezulu ezindaweni eziphakeme eduze kwezigxobo. Ngokuvamile, ama-gyros avamile awasetshenziswa kuma-latitudes noma ekuthambekeni okungaphezu kuka-70°. Izinga elijwayelekile lokukhukhuleka le-gyro yendabuko ngu-0.5° ngomzuzu. Ukukhukhuleka okusobala okubangelwa ukuzungeza komhlaba kulungiswa ngokufaka amandla akhethekile eringini yegimbal yangaphakathi. Amandla asetshenzisiwe ancike kububanzi lapho kuzosetshenziswa khona i-gyro.

Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, wonke ama-gyros ajwayelekile azokhukhuleka ngamanani athile. I-Drift igadwa noma nini lapho i-gyro yendabuko iqhutshwa, futhi inhlolovo iyalungiselelwa lokho kukhukhuleka. Uma ireferensi noma i-drift inganxeshezelwa ngokwanele, idatha yenhlolovo eqoqiwe izobe iyiphutha.

Linganisa Ukuhlanganisa Noma I-Gyro efuna iNyakatho

Isilinganiso noma i-gyro efuna enyakatho yathuthukiswa ukuvimbela ukushiyeka kwe-gyro evamile. I-rate gyro kanye ne-gyro efuna enyakatho ziyizinto ezifanayo. I-gyro enezinga elilodwa kuphela lenkululeko. Izinga lokuhlanganisa i-gyro lisetshenziselwa ukunquma iNyakatho yangempela. I-gyro ixazulula i-Earth spin vector ibe izingxenye ezivundlile nezime mpo. Ingxenye evundlile ihlale ikhomba eNyakatho yeqiniso. Isidingo sokubhekisela ku-gyro sisusiwe, okwandisa ukunemba. I-latitude yomthombo kufanele yaziwe ngoba i-Earth spin vector izohluka njengoba i-latitude iyahlukahluka.

Ngesikhathi sokusetha, izinga le-gyro likala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuzungeza komhlaba ukuze kuqedwe ukukhukhuleka okubangelwa ukuzungeza komhlaba. Lesi sici sokuklama sikwenza kube mancane amathuba okukhiqiza amaphutha uma kuqhathaniswa ne-gyro evamile. Ngokungafani ne-gyro evamile, izinga le-gyro alidingi indawo eyireferensi ukuthi ibonwe, ngaleyo ndlela kususwe umthombo owodwa wephutha ongaba khona. Amandla asebenza ku-gyro akalwa ngayo, kuyilapho amandla adonsela phansi akalwa ngama-accelerometer. Ukufundwa okuhlanganisiwe kwama-accelerometers kanye ne-gyro kuvumela ukubalwa kokuthambekela kanye ne-azimuth yomthombo.

Isilinganiso se-gyro sizokala isivinini se-angular ngokususwa kwe-angular. Izinga lokuhlanganisa i-gyro libala okubalulekile kwesivinini se-angular (ukususwa kwe-angular) ngokuphuma kwe-angular displacement.

Izinguqulo ezintsha ze-gyro zingahlolwa ngenkathi ihamba, kodwa imikhawulo ikhona. Akudingekile ukuthi bahlale bemile ukuze bathole ucwaningo. Isikhathi esiphelele sohlolo singancishiswa, okwenza ithuluzi lingabizi kakhulu.

Ring Laser Gyro

I-laser gyro eyindandatho (RLG) isebenzisa uhlobo oluhlukile lwe-gyro ukuze inqume indlela yomthombo. Inzwa ihlanganisa i-laser gyros enezindandatho ezintathu kanye nama-accelerometer amathathu e-inertial-grade akhweliswe ukukala ama-eksisi angu-X, Y, kanye no-Z. Inembe kakhulu kunesilinganiso noma i-gyro efuna enyakatho. Ithuluzi lenhlolovo akudingeki ukuthi limiswe ukuze kwenziwe inhlolovo, ngakho-ke izinhlolovo ziyashesha. Kodwa-ke, ububanzi obungaphandle be-laser gyro yeringi bungama-intshi angu-5 1/4, okusho ukuthi le gyro ingasebenza kuphela ngo-7″ kanye ne-casing enkulu (hlolaumklamo we-casingumhlahlandlela). Ngeke iqhutshwe nge-aintambo yokubhoboza, kuyilapho isilinganiso noma i-gyro efuna enyakatho ingaqhutshwa ngentambo yokubhoboza noma izintambo ezincane zamashubhu ezinobubanzi obuncane.

Izingxenye

Ngendlela yayo elula, i-laser gyro eyindandatho iqukethe ibhulokhi yengilazi engunxantathu ebhobolwe amabhore e-laser e-helium-neon amathathu anezibuko ezindaweni eziyi-120-degree - emakhoneni3. Imishayo ye-laser ejikelezayo - eyodwa ngokwewashi kanti enye iphikisana nokuhamba kwewashi ihlangana kule resonator. Ngesinye isikhathi, i-photosensor iqapha imishayo lapho ihlangana khona. Zizogxambukela ngendlela eyakhayo noma ebhubhisayo, kuye ngesigaba esinembe sogongolo ngalunye.

Uma i-RLG imile (ingazungezi) mayelana ne-eksisi emaphakathi, isigaba esihlobene semishayo emibili sihlala njalo, futhi ukuphuma komtshina kuyavumelana. Uma i-RLG izungeziswa mayelana ne-eksisi yayo emaphakathi, imishayo ehamba newashi nephambene newashi izobhekana nokushintshashintsha kwe-Doppler; enye izokwenyuka imvamisa, kanti enye izokwehla ngobuningi. Umtshina uzozwa imvamisa yomehluko lapho kunganqunywa khona ukuma kwe-angular nesivinini. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi yi-Umphumela we-Sagnac.

Okulinganiswayo ukujula kwesivinini se-angular noma i-engeli ephendulwe kusukela kwaqala ukubala. I-angular velocity izoba yi-derivative ye-beat frequency. Umtshina okabili (i-quadrature) ungasetshenziswa ukuthola isiqondiso sokuzungezisa.

I-Inertial Grade Gyro

Ithuluzi lokuhlola elinembe kakhulu endaweni kawoyela negesi i-inertial grade gyro, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi ithuluzi le-Ferranti. Iwuhlelo lonke lokuzulazula njengoba luthathelwe kubuchwepheshe be-aerospace. Ngenxa yokunemba okuphezulu kakhulu kwale gyro, amathuluzi amaningi wokuhlola aqhathaniswa nayo ukuze kutholwe ukunemba kwawo ngokulandelana kwawo. Idivayisi isebenzisa ama-gyros okulinganisa amathathu kanye nama-accelerometer amathathu afakwe endaweni ezinzile.

Uhlelo lukala uguquko olubheke endaweni yesikhulumi (izinsimbi zesikhulumi) kanye nebanga elihambayo. Ayikali nje kuphela ukuthambekela nesiqondiso somthombo kodwa futhi inquma ukujula. Ayisebenzisi ukujula kocingo. Nokho, inobukhulu obukhulu kakhulu obungu-10⅝ intshi ye-OD. Njengomphumela, ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngamasayizi we-casing angu-13 3/8″ nangaphezulu.

I-gyroscope inclinometer evela ku-Vigor ihlolwe ngendlela elula futhi elula ukuyisebenzisa, futhi ikhasimende lidinga kuphela ukulifaka nokulilungisa ngokusho kwevidiyo ye-Vigor ngemuva kokuthola izimpahla. Uma udinga usizo lwethu, umnyango wezokuthengisa we-Vigor uzophinde uphendule amahora angu-24 ukukusiza ukuthi ubhekane nenkinga ngokushesha, uma unesithakazelo ku-Vigor's gyroscope inclinometer, sicela ungangabazi ukuxhumana nethimba lonjiniyela le-Vigor ukuze uthole okuningi. ubuchwepheshe obuchwepheshile kanye nesevisi yekhwalithi ephezulu engakhathazi.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, ungabhalela ibhokisi lethu lemeyiliinfo@vigorpetroleum.com&marketing@vigordrilling.com