Amazinga kanye nezigaba zePacker

I-International Organization for Standardization (ISO) kanye ne-American Petroleum Institute(API) benze indinganiso [reference ISO 14310:2001(E) kanye ne-API Specification 11D1 okuhloswe ngayo ukusungula imihlahlandlela yabo bobabili abakhiqizi nabasebenzisi bokugcina ekukhetheni, ekwenzeni, ekuklanyeni. , nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri kwezinhlobo eziningi zamapaki ezitholakala emakethe yanamuhla. Mhlawumbe okubaluleke nakakhulu, izindinganiso ziphinde zisungule isethi encane yamapharamitha umkhiqizi okufanele ahambisane nawo ukuze afune ukuthobelana. Izinga Lamazwe Ngamazwe lakhiwe ngezidingo zakho kokubili ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokuqinisekiswa kwedizayini kumazinga anezigaba. Kunamabanga amathathu, noma amaleveli, asungulelwe ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi namabanga ayisithupha (kanye nebanga elilodwa elikhethekile) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuklama.

Amazinga ekhwalithi asukela ku-Q3 kuya ku-Q1, ne-grade Q3 ephethe izimfuneko ezincane kanye ne-Q1 echaza izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuhlola nezinqubo zokuqinisekisa ukukhiqiza. Ukunikezwa kuphinde kusungulwe ukuze kuvunyelwe umsebenzisi wokugcina ukuthi aguqule izinhlelo zekhwalithi ukuze ahlangabezane nesicelo sakhe esithile ngokufaka izidingo ezengeziwe "njengezimfuneko zokwengeza."

Amabanga ayisithupha ajwayelekile okuqinisekisa ukuklama asukela ku-V6 kuye ku-V1. I-V6 iyibanga eliphansi kakhulu, futhi i-V1 imele izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuhlola. Ibanga elikhethekile le-V0 lifakiwe ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokunquma zokwamukela okukhethekile. Okulandelayo isifinyezo esifushane esichaza izidingo eziyisisekelo zamaleveli ahlukahlukene wemibandela yokwamukela ukuhlolwa.

Umhlinzeki/umkhiqizi weBanga le-V6 uchaziwe

Leli yibanga eliphansi kakhulu elisunguliwe. Izinga lokusebenza kulesi sibonelo lichazwa umenzi wemikhiqizo engahlangabezani nemibandela yokuhlola etholakala ebangeni V0 kuya ku-V5.

Isivivinyo samanzi seBanga le-V5

Kuleli banga, umpakishi kufanele asethwe kubukhulu obukhulu obungaphakathi kwediamitha (ID) yekesi elilinganiselwe ngezinga lokushisa eliphezulu elinconywayo lokusebenza. Imingcele yokuhlola idinga ukuthi isethwe ngamandla amancane okupakisha noma ingcindezi njengoba kucaciswe umenzi. Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi kwenziwa ngamanzi noma uwoyela we-hydraulic kuya esilinganisweni esiphezulu somehluko-sokucindezela kompakishi. Kudingeka ukuguqulwa kwengcindezi okubili kulo lonke ithuluzi, okusho ukuthi kufanele kufakazelwe ukuthi umpakishi uzobamba ingcindezi evela kukho kokubili phezulu nangaphansi. Izikhathi zokubamba zokuhlolwa ngakunye zidingeka ukuthi okungenani zibe yimizuzu eyi-15 ubude. Ekupheleni kokuhlolwa, abapakishi ababuyiselekayo kufanele bakwazi ukususwa endaweni yokuhlola ngokusebenzisa izinqubo zomklamo wabo ohlosiwe.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-liquid yeBanga le-V4 + imithwalo ye-axial

Kuleli banga, wonke amapharamitha afakwe eBangeni V5 ayasebenza. Ngaphezu kokudlula imibandela ye-V5, kufanele futhi kufakazelwe ukuthi opakishayo uzobamba ingcindezi ehlukile ehlanganiswe nokucindezelwa kanye nemithwalo eqinile, njengoba kukhangiswe emvilophini yokusebenza yomkhiqizi.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-liquid yeBanga le-V3 + imithwalo ye-axial + ukuhamba ngebhayisikili lokushisa

Zonke izindlela zokuhlola ezigunyazwe ku-Grade V4 zisebenza ku-V3. Ukuze uthole isitifiketi se-V3, umpakishi kufanele futhi aphumelele ukuhlolwa komjikelezo wezinga lokushisa. Esivivinyweni somjikelezo wezinga lokushisa, umpakishi kufanele abambe ukucindezela okukhulu okucacisiwe emikhawulweni yamazinga okushisa aphezulu naphansi lapho umpakishi eklanyelwe ukusebenza khona. Ukuhlolwa kuqalwa ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu, njengaku-V4 naku-V5. Ngemva kokudlula lesi sigaba sokuhlolwa, izinga lokushisa livunyelwe ukupholisa okungenani, futhi kusetshenziswe okunye ukuhlolwa kokucindezela. Ngemva kokuphumelela ukuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, umpakishi kufanele futhi adlule ukucindezela okuhlukile ngemva kokuthi izinga lokushisa leseli lokuhlola likhushulelwe kumazinga okushisa aphezulu.

Ukuhlolwa kwegesi yeBanga le-V2 + imithwalo ye-axial

Amapharamitha wokuhlola afanayo asetshenziswa ku-V4 asebenza eBangeni V2, kodwa indawo yokuhlola ithathelwa indawo umoya noma i-nitrogen. Izinga lokuvuza elingu-20 cm3 wegesi ngesikhathi sokulinda liyamukeleka, nokho, izinga lingase linganyuki phakathi nesikhathi sokubamba.

Ukuhlolwa kwegesi yeBanga le-V1 + imithwalo ye-axial + ukuhamba ngebhayisikili lokushisa

Amapharamitha wokuhlola afanayo asetshenziswa ku-V3 asebenza eBangeni V1, kodwa indawo yokuhlola ithathelwa indawo umoya noma i-nitrogen. Ngokufanayo nokuhlolwa kwe-V2, izinga lokuvuza elingu-20 cm3 wegesi phakathi nesikhathi sokulibamba liyamukeleka, futhi izinga lingase linganyuki phakathi nesikhathi sokubamba.

Ukuhlolwa Kwegesi Yebanga Le-V0 Okukhethekile + Imithwalo Ye-Axial +I-Temperature Cycling + I-Bubble Tight Gas Seal Leli izinga elikhethekile lokuqinisekisa elengezwe ukuze lihlangabezane nezicaciso zekhasimende lapho kudingeka khona isivalo segesi eqinile. Amapharamitha wokuhlola ayafana nalawo e-V1, kodwa izinga lokuvuza kwegesi alivunyelwe phakathi nesikhathi sokubamba.

Uma umpakishi ufanelekele ukusetshenziswa ebangeni eliphezulu, angase athathwe afanelekele ukusetshenziswa kunoma yimaphi amabanga aphansi okuqinisekisa. Isibonelo, uma ihlolelwa ebangeni le-V4, kwamukelwe ukuthi umpakishi uhlangabezana noma weqe izimfuneko zesevisi zezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-V4, V5, ne-V6.

Amaphakethe we-Vigor akhiqizwa ngokuhambisana ngokuqinile nezindinganiso ze-API 11D1, futhi ikhwalithi ephezulu yemikhiqizo iye yaqashelwa amakhasimende amaningi futhi ifinyelele uhlelo lokubambisana lwesikhathi eside ne-Vigor. Uma unentshisekelo kumaphakethe we-Vigor noma eminye imikhiqizo yokumba nokuqedwa, sicela ungangabazi ukuxhumana nathi ukuze uthole ukwesekwa kochwepheshe.

Izithenjwa

1.Intl. Std., ISO 14310, Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries—Downhole Equipment—Packers and Bridge Plugs, uhlelo lokuqala. Ref. ISO 14310:2001 (E),(2001-12-01).

2.API Specification 11D1, Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries—Downhole Equipment—Packers and Bridge Plugs, uhlelo lokuqala. 2002. ISO 14310:2001.