Izinhlobo zama-Bridge Plugs

Amapulagi ebhuloho angamathuluzi okukhipha amanzi phansi asethelwe ukuhlukanisa ingxenye engezansi yomthombo. Amapulaki ebhuloho angase abe unomphela noma abuyiseleke, okuvumela umthombo ophansi ukuthi uvalwe unomphela kusukela ekukhiqizweni noma uhlukaniswe isikhashana ekwelashweni okwenziwa endaweni engaphezulu. Akhiwa ama-slip, mandrel, nama-elastomers (izakhi zokubeka uphawu).
Izinhlobo zama-plug webhuloho
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, amapulaki ebhuloho angaba;
I-Retrievable Bridge Plugs (RBP) noma i-Temporary Bridge Plugs.
Ama-Permanent Bridge Plugs (PBP) noma ama-Millable/Drill-Through Bridge Plugs.
I-Retrievable Bridge Plugs (RBP)
Lawa amapulagi anomfutho ophezulu wemisebenzi yezindawo eziningi kanye nezindawo ezikhethiwe ezifana nokufaka i-asidi, ukuqhekeka, ukufaka usimende, nokuhlola. Ama-RBP angasethwa ku-tension noma ukucindezela. Angase futhi asethwe angashoni kukesi engasekelwe ukuze aqukathe ingcindezi ngenkathi esebenza kumshini we-wellhead.
Ama-RBP angahle abekwe ku-tension okwenza kube ilungele ukusetha okungashoni ukuze kuhlolwe okokusebenza kwe-wellhead futhi kujule ukuze kuhlolwe imithombo enengcindezi ephezulu. Ifaka i-by-pass enkulu yangaphakathi ukuze kuncishiswe ukuswabha lapho isebenza futhi ilanda. I-by-pass ivala ngesikhathi sokusetha amapulaki futhi ivuleke ngaphambi kokudedela iziliphu eziphezulu ukuze kulingane ukucindezela lapho ungasethiwe. I-by-pass itholakala ngezansi ngqo kweziliphu eziphezulu ukusiza ukugeza udoti lapho indlela yokudlula ivuliwe. Amapulagi ebhuloho abuyiselekayo angase asetshenziselwe imisebenzi yokushiya isikhashana noma ngokuhambisana namapaki esevisi abuyiselekayo ukuze alungise.
Ama-Permanent Bridge Plugs (PBP) noma ama-Millable/Drill-Through Bridge Plugs
Lawa amapulaki ebhuloho aklanywe/athuthukiswa ukuze avaleke noma ahlukanise ingxenye yomthombo unomphela. Ivamise ukuklanywa ngezinsimbi ezigaywayo yingakho ziphinde zibizwe ngokuthi yi-drill through noma amapulaki ebhuloho agaywayo.
Amapulagi ebhuloho ahlala njalo afanele indawo yamakhemikhali aguquguqukayo noma igesi emuncu. I-PBP ingakwazi ukumelana nengcindezi esuka ku-10,000psi iye ngaphezu kuka-15,000psi kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu elingu-327°C (638°F) kanye nezinga lokushisa elijwayelekile elingu-205°C (400°F).
Izinto Zokuvala Amapulagi Ebhuloho (Ama-Elastomers Anwebekayo)
Amapulagi ebhuloho anento egogekayo esetshenziselwa ukwakha isivalo odongeni lwemigodi ezungezile. Uma isetshenziswa, into egogeka ingase idinge ukudlula umkhawulo omncane kunobubanzi bomgodi lapho into izosethwa khona. Ngenxa yalokho, usayizi we-elementi ekhubazekile ungakhawulwa ngomkhawulo omncane wedayamitha ezosetshenziswa ngawo. Uma isisetshenziswe endaweni oyifunayo, i-elementi ekhubazekile ingasethwa ngokuminyanisa, ukwehla kwamandla emali, noma ukuvuvukala kuye ngohlobo lwento esetshenzisiwe. Izakhi ezivuvukalayo zithatha isikhathi esiningi (isb, izinsuku ezimbalwa) ukuthi zivuvuke uma kukhona into eyenza isebenze, futhi izakhi ezivuvukalayo zivame ukukhipha isikhathi esengeziwe ngokweqile. Uma kusetshenziswa i-elementi ephephethekayo, isetshenziswa esimweni sokuwa bese ivuthela lapho ibekwe kahle. Ngeshwa, isici esiphefumulayo singalimala, kungaba nzima ukusisebenzisa, futhi singaphazanyiswa izinguquko emazingeni okushisa aphansi.
Ngendlela evamile, amapulaki asebenzisa isici sesethi yokuminyanisa esinomkhono ocindezelwe ukwandisa ububanzi be-elementi ukuze kwakhe uphawu. Ukucindezela izakhi ezinjalo kungadinga amandla amakhulu kanye ne-stroke ende.
Izinto zokuvala ezifakwe kumapulaki eBhuloho zincike ezintweni zomthombo, uhlobo loketshezi lomthombo, izinga lokushisa nokucindezela komthombo.
Imodi Yokudluliswa
Amapulaki ebhuloho angatshalwa ekujuleni okuhlosiwe emthonjeni kusetshenziswa izindlela ezihlukene zokudlulisa. Indlela yokudlulisa incike kwezinye izici ezifana nephrofayili (umzila), ukujula komthombo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu izindleko zokuthutha.
Okudwetshelwe ezinye zezindlela ezijwayelekile zokudlulisa ezitholakalayo.
I-Slickline
E-line
I-Slick-E-line
Kahle Ogandaganda
I-Tubing ehlanganisiwe
Ipayipi elinentambo.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Bridge Plugs
Amapulaki ebhuloho ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukuhlukaniswa kwendawo yezingxenye ezahlukene zomthombo. Ipulaki yebhuloho ingase ibekwe endaweni ukuze kuqhutshekwe nomsebenzi noma imisebenzi yokungenelela engxenyeni ethile yomthombo. Ukusetha ipulaki yebhuloho kusiza ukuzuza ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo eziningi ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi ngempumelelo engxenyeni ehlukile yomthombo ngaphandle kokuthinta ezinye izingxenye.
Amapulagi ebhuloho nawo asetshenziselwa ukuxhuma nokushiya imisebenzi. Uma inani le-hydrocarbon echibini lingasathengiswa noma umthamo wechibi usukhishiwe ngokukhiqizwa, kuba nesidingo sokuyeka umthombo. Umklami womthombo angase akhethe ukusetha amapulaki ebhuloho ngokuhlanganyela nezinsalela zikasimende ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi usimende ominyana kakhulu aweli emgodini. Uma kunjalo, ipulaki yebhuloho izosethwa bese usimende aphonswe phezu kwepulaki ngombhobho wokubhoboza, bese kuhoxiswa ipayipi ngaphambi kokuba udaka lujiye.
I-Vigor ingakunikeza amapulaki ebhuloho ahlukene amathathu ahlukene anomphela, okuhlanganisa amapulaki ebhuloho ancibilikayo, amapulaki ebhuloho ayinhlanganisela namapulaki ebhuloho lensimbi elicijile, amapulaki ebhuloho ahlala njalo e-Vigor asetshenziswe kumasayithi amakhulu enkundla kawoyela ekhaya naphesheya futhi aye aqashelwa kakhulu amakhasimende. Ukwengeza, ipulaki yebhuloho ekwazi ukugaywa kabusha ye-Vigor yakamuva nayo ingomunye wemikhiqizo edume kakhulu, eyaziwa ngokulawula kwayo ikhwalithi okuqinile nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu, futhi iba enye yezinketho zokuqala zemishini yokuqedela amakhasimende amaningi. Uma unentshisekelo ku-Vigor Completion Tool Bridge Plug Series noma amanye amathuluzi okumba nokuqedela embonini kawoyela negesi, sicela ungangabazi ukuxhumana nathi ukuze uthole ukwesekwa komkhiqizo okungcono kakhulu nokusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe.